Operators in java

Operator in java is a symbol that is used to perform operations. For example: +, -, *, / etc.

There are many types of operators in java which are given below:

• Unary Operator,
• Arithmetic Operator,
• shift Operator,
• Relational Operator,
• Bitwise Operator,
• Logical Operator,
• Ternary Operator and
• Assignment Operator.

Java Unary Operator Example: ++ and --

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int x=10;  
System.out.println(x++);//10 (11)  
System.out.println(++x);//12  
System.out.println(x--);//12 (11)  
System.out.println(--x);//10  
}}  

 Output:

10 12 12 10 

Java Unary Operator Example 2: ++ and --

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=10;  
System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22  
System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21  
  }}
  

Output:

22 21 

Java Unary Operator Example: ~ and !

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=-10;  
boolean c=true;  
boolean d=false;  
System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0)  
System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0)  
System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value)  
System.out.println(!d);//true  
}}  

Output:

-11 9 false true 

Java Arithmetic Operator Example

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
System.out.println(a+b);//15  
System.out.println(a-b);//5  
System.out.println(a*b);//50  
System.out.println(a/b);//2  
System.out.println(a%b);//0  
 }}  

Output:

15 5 50 2 0 

Java Arithmetic Operator Example: Expression

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
System.out.println(10*10/5+3-1*4/2);  
}}  

Output:

21

Java Shift Operator Example: Left Shift

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
System.out.println(10<<2);//10*2^2=10*4=40  
System.out.println(10<<3);//10*2^3=10*8=80  
System.out.println(20<<2);//20*2^2=20*4=80  
System.out.println(15<<4);//15*2^4=15*16=240  
}}  

Output:

40 80 80 240 

Java Shift Operator Example: Right Shift

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
System.out.println(10>>2);//10/2^2=10/4=2  
System.out.println(20>>2);//20/2^2=20/4=5  
System.out.println(20>>3);//20/2^3=20/8=2  
}}  

Output:

2 5 2 

Java Shift Operator Example: >> vs >>>

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
    //For positive number, >> and >>> works same  
    System.out.println(20>>2);  
    System.out.println(20>>>2);  
    //For nagative number, >>> changes parity bit (MSB) to 0  
    System.out.println(-20>>2);  
    System.out.println(-20>>>2);  
}} 

Output:

5 5 -5 1073741819 

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && and Bitwise &

The logical && operator doesn't check second condition if first condition is false. It checks second condition only if first one is true.

The bitwise & operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int c=20;  
System.out.println(a<b&&a<c);//false && true = false  
System.out.println(a<b&a<c);//false & true = false  
}}  

Output:

false false 

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && vs Bitwise &

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int c=20;  
System.out.println(a<b&&a++<c);//false && true = false  
System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
System.out.println(a<b&a++<c);//false && true = false  
System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
}}  

Output:

false 10 false 11

Java OR Operator Example: Logical || and Bitwise |

The logical || operator doesn't check second condition if first condition is true. It checks second condition only if first one is false.

The bitwise | operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

 

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int c=20;  
System.out.println(a>b||a<c);//true || true = true  
System.out.println(a>b|a<c);//true | true = true  
//|| vs |  
System.out.println(a>b||a++<c);//true || true = true  
System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
System.out.println(a>b|a++<c);//true | true = true  
System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
}}  

Output:

true true true 10 true 11

Java Ternary Operator Example

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=2;  
int b=5;  
int min=(a<b)?a:b;  
System.out.println(min);  
}}  

Output:

2

Another Example:

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int min=(a<b)?a:b;  
System.out.println(min);  
}}  

Output:

5

Java Assignment Operator Example

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=20;  
a+=4;//a=a+4 (a=10+4)  
b-=4;//b=b-4 (b=20-4)  
System.out.println(a);  
System.out.println(b);  
}}  

Output:

14 16

Java Assignment Operator Example

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String[] args){  
int a=10;  
a+=3;//10+3  
System.out.println(a);  
a-=4;//13-4  
System.out.println(a);  
a*=2;//9*2  
System.out.println(a);  
a/=2;//18/2  
System.out.println(a);  
}}
  

Output:

13 9 18 9

Java Assignment Operator Example: Adding short

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
short a=10;  
short b=10;  
//a+=b;//a=a+b internally so fine  
a=a+b;//Compile time error because 10+10=20 now int  
System.out.println(a);  
 }}  

Output:

Compile time error

After type cast:

class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
short a=10;  
short b=10;  
a=(short)(a+b);//20 which is int now converted to short  
System.out.println(a);  
}}  

Output:

20